Croatia extends from the eastern edges of the Alps in the northwest to the Pannonian lowlands and the banks of the Danube in the east; its central region is covered by the Dinara mountain range, and its southern parts extend to the coast of the Adriatic Sea.
The surface of the mainland covers 56,542 km2, while the territorial sea covers 31,067 km2. Croatia has 4,437,460 inhabitants; the majority of the population are Croats; national minorities are Serbs, Slovenes, Hungarians, Bosnians, Italians, Czechs and others.
The system of government is multi-party parliamentary republic with Zagreb as the capital city. Inside the country prevails a temperate continental climate, locally also a mountainous climate, whereas a pleasant Mediterranean climate prevails along the Adriatic coast, with an overwhelming number of sunny days, dry and hot summers, mild and humid winters. Croatia is a land with 1185 islands, rich flora and fauna with many endemic species, which are specially taken care at 8 national parks. Innovations of Croatians you find from items for every day use such as ballpoint-pen, then a tie (cravat), which is world accepted men fashion accessory...and up to torpedo, alternating current...etc.
Official currency is Kuna (1 Kuna=100 Lipa).
Croatia is indeed unique and also for a thousand years of different
cultures that have replaced each other and sometimes assimilated in
these areas. Thanks to the favourable geographical characteristics of
our coast, with its numerous bays, inlets and coves, the coastal belt
has ever been a significant mercantile and nautical route.
History
In
the 6th century BC the ancient Greeks had commerce with the Illyrians
by means of the sea, and founded their colonies there (Pharos, today's
Starigrad, on the islands of Hvar and Issa – or Vis). Later on, the
Romans arrived and there are many findings located from Pula to Cavtat
and Slavonia.
A new era dawned with the arrival of the Slavs, a
period characterized by constant struggle for supremacy and by defence
against diverse enemies. In that period Croatia was established as a
kingdom for a while. Dubrovnik, eminent in its position as a republic,
played a leading role in culture and trade.
In the 18th century, Napoleon ruled for a short period of time, after
which he was replaced by the Austrian monarchy. Ports were built and
fortified, trade and shipbuilding flourished. During the two World
Wars, Croatian territory was one of the more important areas of battle.
After the 2nd World War, Croatia became a part of SFR of Yugoslavia, and finally gains independence in 1991.
Map
|